ankhアンク

エジプト学の入門書、現在最も信頼できるエジプト神話の本の用語集から：

アンフ　　（この本での表記はアンクではありませんでした）
古代エジプトの美術や文書でおなじみの、円形の取っ手の付いた十字。「生命」を意味するヒエログリフで、 神の標識。

「図説 エジプトの神々事典」ステファヌ ロッシーニ (著), リュト シュマン=アンテルム (著), St´ephane Rossini (原著), Ruth Schumann‐Antelme (原著), 矢島 文夫 (翻訳), 吉田 春美 (翻訳)

アンクについて

アンクとは

University of Oxford
http://www.ashmol.ox.ac.uk/gri/9q&a7.html（不明20180304）

The ankh symbol.＝the most powerful cultural and religious symbols
最もパワーのある文化的宗教的シンボル
The Egyptian word ankh means "life", "to live".
エジプトの言葉でアンクは人生･生きるを意味する(Ludwig Morenz)

象徴するもの

１） an evolved form of, or associated with the Egyptian glyph for magical protection
　　魔術的な守護のためのエジプトの標識の発展の形、関連の形

The Ancient Ankh, Symbol of Life 　by Taylor Ray Ellison
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/ankh.htm
(神々がアンクをもつ図も多く必見)

The Ankh was, for the ancient Egyptians,
the symbol (the actual Hieroglyphic 　sign) of life but
it is an enduring icon that remains with us even today as a Christian cross.
クリスチャンの十字架として残る
※十字架

２）symbolic of the sunrise, with the loop representing the Sun rising above the horizon
　　地平線の上に太陽が昇るシンボル

The Papyrus of Ani（the British Museu）
In this image, taken from the Papyrus of Ani in the British Museum, London, UK;
note that the platform upon which the Djedankhra device is resting is floating above ground level. http://web.org.uk/djed/3.html

３）a sandal strap with the loop at the top forming the strap
　　サンダルのストラップの輪 (sandal=生）

４）ties for ceremonial girdles
　　儀式の帯の結び目 ⇒チェト

Wolfhart Westendorf felt it was associated with the tyet emblem, or the "knot of Isis"
＝both were ties for ceremonial girdles
Wolfhart Westendorf はチェトあるいはイシスの結び目と関連があるとした

５）specifically sexual symbol
・・the female sexual organ+the male organ and the crossed line, the children of the union
　　本質的に性的なシンボル

womb;子宮

It is also known as the Key of the Nile, representing the union of Isis and Osiris.
It is said that this mystic union would initiate the annual flooding of the Nile,
providing Egypt with her various means to survive.
The meaning of the ankh as womb, thus fertility and reproduction,
is well-illustrated in this particular legend.
神秘的な結合が、ナイル川の毎年の氾濫を始める
子宮としてのアンクの意味＝肥沃および再生の伝説

６）アトム神（太陽）の贈り物

Thereare symbols in antiquity like unto the Roman cross figure that have no connection to the Roman use.
It was a symbol denoting blessings from Aton the sun god upon the Pharaohs. The ankh is in the shape of our modern *T* with a loop attached at the top
to wear around the wrist or to hold in the hand by the staff as seen left.
Scholars believe the ankh may also symbolize the male and female genitalia of Osiris and Isis
as all life was thought to be generated from the union of the two.
http://jesus-messiah.com/apologetics/jewish/cross-hate.html

７）water in rituals of purification
　　 浄化の儀式の水

　　

８）mirrors used for purposes of divination
　　 予知に使う鏡

In the shape of a mirror or a knot, the ankh is a symbol of life.
It was often carried by deities or people in a funeral procession,
or offered to the king as the breath of life.
http://www.civilization.ca/civil/egypt/egcgov5e.html

９）the key to eternal life after death
　　鍵

It is usually held to the nose of the deceased king by the Gods torepresent
the breath of life given in the after-world.
The Ankh also resembles a key and is considered the key to eternal life after death.
死んだ王の鼻に神が向けていて、 死後の生の息吹をあたえている
The Ankh is defined as: The symbolic representation of both Physical and Eternal life.
It is known as the original cross,
which is a powerful symbol that was first created by Africans in Ancient Egypt.

※おまけ
http://www.intuart.com/dotcommune/natestuff/egypt-01/egysketch.html 人の顔に見える